Which of the following is a biological hazard in collection system operations?

• A. Hepatitis A
• B. Noxious or toxic gases or vapors
• C. Oxygen deficiency
• D. Physical injuries

Answer: (A)

Biological hazards come from living organisms or their byproducts that can cause disease. Hepatitis A is a virus that can be present in sewage and contaminate water or surfaces workers touch. In collection system operations, exposure can occur through contact with contaminated material, splash to the eyes or mouth, or inhalation of aerosols if proper protective measures aren’t used. Because Hepatitis A is a pathogen, it constitutes a biological hazard.

Noxious or toxic gases or vapors are chemical hazards, not biological. Oxygen deficiency is an atmospheric/physical hazard related to the environment, not a living organism. Physical injuries are safety hazards related to accidents or equipment, not biological agents.